Fun with Chemistry - Honeycomb Candy Recipe

Honeycomb candy is an easy-to-make candy that has an interesting texture caused by carbon dioxide bubbles getting trapped within the candy. The carbon dioxide is produced when baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is added to hot syrup. It is the same process used to make some baked goods rise, except here the bubbles are trapped to form a crisp candy. The holes in the candy make it light and give it a honeycomb appearance. Honeycomb Candy Ingredients You only need a few basic cooking ingredients to prepare this recipe: 3/4 cup sugar2 tablespoons honey2 tablespoons water1-1/2 teaspoons baking soda Honeycomb Candy Instructions Grease a cookie sheet. You can use oil, butter, or non-stick cooking spray.Add the sugar, honey, and water to a saucepan. You can stir the mixture, but it isnt necessary.Cook the ingredients over high heat, without stirring, until the mixture reaches 300Â °F. The sugar will melt, small bubbles will form, the bubbles will become larger, then the sugar will start to carmelize to an amber color.When the temperature reaches 300Â °F, remove the pan from heat and whisk the baking soda into the hot syrup. This will cause the syrup to foam up.Stir just enough to mix the ingredients, then dump the mixture onto the greased baking sheet. Dont spread out the candy, as this would pop your bubbles.Allow the candy to cool, then break or cut it into pieces.Store the honeycomb candy in an airtight container.

Cathedral Essay examples - 901 Words

Cathedral â€Å"I wasn’t enthusiastic about his visit. He was no one I knew. And his being blind bothered me† (99) the narrator tells us in Raymond Carver’s Cathedral. An old friend of the narrator’s wife, Robert, is coming to visit them at their home. The narrator is not at all pleased with this situation and lets us know it from the beginning. Throughout the story, the narrator begins to see the blind man in a different light and his mind-set begins to change to admiration. The narrator seems to be somewhat jealous at first of the relationship between his wife and their visitor. He says, â€Å"She told him everything, or it seemed to me† (100). His wife had worked for the blind man for one summer ten years ago, yet she†¦show more content†¦- these past ten years† (103). â€Å"Robert had done a little of everything, it seemed, a regular blind jack-of-all-trades† (103). In this quote, the narrator is both envious, because of all the talk about Robert, and admiring of all the things that Robert has accomplished although blind. As the night progresses, the wife begins to get sleepy and goes upstairs to change. The narrator tells us, â€Å"I wished she’s come back downstairs. I didn’t want to be left alone with a blind man† (104). At this point, the narrator does not know how to react to this man let alone what to say to him. His wife is no longer there to act as the link between the two. The narrator keeps the conversation going by offering more drinks and â€Å"rolling two fat numbers† (104). His wife falls asleep on the couch and the blind man stays up with the narrator because he feels as though they had not had a chance all night to talk. The narrator says he is â€Å"glad for the company† (105). He really means this when he says it too. They continue to watch TV for a while and the narrator, sensing the quiet, tries to tell Robert what it is that he is seeing on the television at the moment. The narrator tries to explain to Robert what a cathedral looks like but cannot think of better descriptions than â€Å"big† and â€Å"massive†. Robert suggests to the narrator that they could â€Å"draw one together† (108). At first the narrator draws a simple box with a roof. Then he begins toShow MoreRelatedCathedral684 Words   |  3 PagesCathedral It is an ongoing problem that people are narrow-minded and have preconceptions. It does no one good and is an obstacle in your everyday life. By closing your eyes, the other senses, like feeling, hearing and smelling, tune in and take over. A lot can be learned from these senses and new truths can be unrevealed. In the short story Cathedral, the main character stops his prejudices and sees a new truth. The short story Cathedral takes place in the 1990s in a married couple’s house inRead MoreThe Cathedral Of Canterbury Cathedral1209 Words   |  5 PagesThe word Cathedral is a Latin word for chair â€Å"Cathedra† which was taken from the Greek ‘Kathedra’ meaning seat. The Canterbury Cathedral is located in England, United Kingdom. The Cathedral is one of the most famous and oldest Christian structures in England. 597 AD was the founding of Canterbury Cathedral. The cathedral’s physical context is located in a sprawl area meaning there is low density residential, there are many other attractions around such as the theatre,hotel and museum. Saint AugustineRead MoreAnalysis Of Cathedral By Raymond Carver1541 Words   |  7 PagesA New Perspective Everyone at one point has judged a book by its cover. In the short story, â€Å"Cathedral†, Raymond Carver creates a narrator who bases off ideas and assumptions about blind people from movies. 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There are many CatholicRead MoreEssay on The Cathedral by Raymond Carver980 Words   |  4 PagesCathedral is a short story ultimately about enlightment, finding something more meaningful and deeper with in one self. Although from an observing point of view nothing more in the story happens then a blind man assisting the narrator in drawing a cathedral. Although as known, the narrators experience radically differs from what is actually observed. He is enlightened and opened up to a new world of vision and imagination. This brief experience will have a life long effect on him. The reasonRead MoreT.S.Eliot Murder in the Cathedral1975 Words   |  8 PagesT.S. Eliots Murder in the Cathedral tells the story of Thomas Beckett, a man who reigned as Archbishop of Canterbury during the 12th century in England until his death in 1170. In order to tell Becketts story, Eliot creates a series of equally interesting characters that each play a crucial role thought the play. The most unique rolefound within the play is the Women ofCanterbury, or the Chorus. Throughout the piece, the Chorus delivers seven choral odes. These choral odes, when looked at as aRead MoreLooking Beyond the Surface at Raymond Carvers Cathedral660 Words   |  3 PagesIt seems in life that we often look at things without really seeing them. Raymond Carver demonstrates in â€Å"Cathedral† that looking is associated to physical vision, but seeing involves a deeper level of commitment. The author is making the point when you put yourself into someone elses shoes and allow yourself to see things the way they see them, it can be the most rewarding and eye opening experience. During the exposition, the narrator shows that he has no problems with eyesight and he is capableRead MoreDurham Cathedral Essay854 Words   |  4 PagesDurham Cathedral Durham Cathedral is one of the oldest examples of Romanesque architecture present in England today. Although the cathedral was completed in the early 12th century there are signs of Gothic architecture present due to the close relation of Romanesque and Gothic styles. In Robert Scotts book The Gothic Enterprise he discusses how the early Gothic style pulled heavily from the Romanesque style of architecture and built upon its basic themes. Durham Cathedrals extensive historyRead MoreThe Canterbury Cathedral Essay2561 Words   |  11 PagesThe Canterbury Cathedral For at least fourteen hundred years the worship of God has been offered on the site of this Cathedral, and through the prayers of the Church his power and grace have shaped human lives. Ever since the murder of Archbishop Thomas Becket in the Cathedral in 1170, Canterbury has attracted thousands of pilgrims. This tradition continues to this day, and a large team of Welcomers, Guides, Cathedral Assistants and Chaplains are there to give all visitors a warm welcomeRead MoreAnalysis Milan Cathedral, Italy Essay751 Words   |  4 Pagesthe middle of Milan, Italy in the Piazzo del Duomo is Milan Cathedral, the largest Gothic cathedral and the second largest Catholic cathedral in the world. The exterior and interior appearances are aw-inspiring, commanding respect in our modern day time period and long ago during the time periods in which the Milan Cathedral was constructed. The cathedral also earned respect by being the center for community functions. The Milan Cathedral has outer height of 215 ft and a maximum width of 302 ft allowing

Modern Literature Existentialism Essay Example For Students

Modern Literature: Existentialism Essay EXISTENTIALISMExistentialism is a philosophical movement that developed in continental Europe during the 1800s and 1900s. Most of the members are interested in the nature of existence or being, by which they usually mean human existence. Although the philosophers generally considered to be existentialists often disagree with each other and sometimes even resent being classified together, they have been grouped together because they share many problems, interests, and ideas. The most prominent existentialist thinkers of the 1900s include the French writers Albert Camus, Jean-Paul Sarte, and Gabriel Marcel and German philosophers Karl Jaspers and Martin Heidegger. The Russian religious and political thinker Nicolas Berdyaev and the Jewish philosopher Martin Buber were also famous existentialists. Existentialism is largely a revolt against traditional European philosophy which reached its climax during the late 1700s and early 1800s. Principles of knowledge that would be objective, universally true, and certain were produced. Existentialists rejected the methods and ideals of science as being improper for philosophy. They investigated what it is like to be an individual human being living in the world instead of making the traditional attempt to grasp the ultimate nature of the world and abstract systems of thought. They stress the fact that every individual is only a limited human being. Each must face important and difficult decisions with only limited knowledge and time in which to make these decisions. Human life is seen as a series of decisions that must be made without knowing what the correct choice is. They must decide what standards to except and which ones to reject. Individuals must make their own choices without help from external standards. Humans are free and completely responsible for their choices. Their freedom and responsibility is thrust upon them and they are condemned to be free. Their responsibility for actions, decisions and beliefs cause anxiety. They try to escape by ignoring or denying their responsibility. To have a meaningful life one must become fully aware of the true character of the situation and bravely accept it. Existentialists believe that people learn about themselves best by examining the most extreme forms of human experience. They write about such topics as death and extreme situations. This concentration upon the most extreme and emotional aspects of experience contrasts sharply with the main emphasis of contemporary philosophy in England and th e United States. This philosophy focuses upon more common place situation and upon the nature of language rather than experience. JEAN-PAUL SARTREJean-Paul Sarte was born in Paris in 1905, and died in 1980. In 1964, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. However he refused to accept the reward. Sarte was a French existentialist philosopher who expressed his ideas in novels, plays, and short stories, as well as theoretical works. The mere existence of things, especially his own existence, fascinated and horrified him. To Sarte there seemed no reason why anything exists. He stated that only human existence is conscious of itself and of other things. He argued that non-living objects simply are what they are and people are whatever they choose to be. People exist as beings who must choose their own character. He agreed with the existentialists philosophy that people are completely free. Sarte said, People are afraid to recognize this freedom and to accept full responsibility for their behavior. Throughout his philosophical and literary works, he examined and analyzed the varied and subtle forms of self-deception. In Sartes chief philosophical work, Being and Nothingness, he investigated the nature and forms of existence or being. In his essay, Existentialism and Humanism, he defined existentialism as the doctrine that, for humankind, existence precedes essence. In the Critique of Dialectical Reason, Sarte presented his political and sociological theories. .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 , .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .postImageUrl , .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 , .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:hover , .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:visited , .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:active { border:0!important; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:active , .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8 .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u90228410aafaf2edaa1dae95f305fdb8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Colin Powell EssayTHEATER OF THE ABSURD MOVEMENTThe theater of the absurd refers to tendencies in dramatic literature that emerged in Paris during the late 1940ss and early 1950s. Its roots can be found in the allegorical morality plays of the middle ages and the allegorical religious dramas. The term theater of the absurd derives from the philosophical use of the word absurd by such existentialists thinkers as Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sarte. A fully satisfying rational explanation of the universe was beyond its reach and the world must be seen as absurd. The images of the

Technologies In The Hospitality Industry †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What Is The Current Trend And Technology In The Hospitality Industry? Answer: Introduction This is a proposal of the research that will be conducted in the future. The research proposal will outline the elements of the research that will be conducted in future. The research that will be conducted will analyse the current trend of technologies going on in the hospitality industry and what is the further scope of growth in the technologies used in the hospitality business. Hospitality industry is deemed one of the fastest growing industries of the world and thus looking after the technology is their most important responsibility. The advancement in technology helped to decrease the cost for the hospitality industry. Recently 54% of hotels are planning to incorporate advanced technology in all their sectors such as infrastructure, payment, staffing and management. This is because most of the activities in the hotel sector depend on the technology directly or indirectly. Thus analysing the trend is very crucial for this industry in order to offer exclusive experience to the gu ests. Some of the common used technology in the hotel sectors is mobile device set up at the door; technology induced room service, guest apps. Location oriented services and tech lounges for the guests. This helps the hospitality business to attract customer traffic in their business and retain the existing customers (rarr;, 2017). . Purpose of the research The main objective of the paper is to analyse the trend of technology going on in the hospitality industry. For doing the further research on this, some future objective needs to be design in order to move in a systematic manner to reach the conclusion. Newest trends of technology in hotels and restaurants The benefits and impact of current trends and technology Technology in personalisation and customisation The future trends of technology in the hospitality industry The process of retaining these technologies in the long run Justification of the research The research that is being designed will help to explore the trends of technology management Technologies In The Hospitality Industry in one of the fastest and developed industry of the world that is the hospitality industry. The topic chosen for the research is appropriate in understanding the trend that is going on in the hospitality industry worldwide. The topic is also feasible and important as hospitality industry I growing rapidly in todays world. Analysing this industry will help the business owners to know the trend and competitive environment existing in this industry due to the availability of technology. The hotel industry is estimated to increase their technology in all their service-oriented process in order to retain back their escalating guests. It is evident that about 54% of the hotels in the world will induce technology in their day-to-day process. The most crucial places where the hotel includes technology are in their guest rooms, bandwidth, payment methods and mobile engagement. The technology development is adopted by the industry as it is estimated that it helps in influencing the decision ma king of the guests by 70%. These technology is mainly in the form of digital tools which gives a new look and opportunity to business (Hospitality Magazine 2017). Technology has a long time affect on the hospitality industry that is necessary to analyse. The research will also analyse the benefits the technology improvement put on hospitality industry. It will further research the ways these technology will lead to personalisation and customisation in the customer service process, which is the most important driving point of business. Lastly, an analysis of the future growth in these technologies will be viewed to see the scope it has on the business and the ways they can structure out these technologies in their daily business process. These will be done to help the hospitality business to fight the tough competition faced offered in this growing industry (Neuhofer, Buhalis, Ladkin, 2014). Research methods Description Reason for selecting a method Research Philosophy Positivism and interpretivism are the two division of research philosophy, which is used in the research method.The research problem suggested in this report needs to analyse both the qualitative and quantitative data to solve the research problems stated above. Thus an Interpretivism type research philosophy is suitable or the analysis (Wilson, 2014). Research approach Research approach is also divided into two groups, one is deductive and the other is inductive.Inductive research approach is ideal for this research, as it will allow the researcher to come up with new ideas and models, which will guide in explaining the research problem (Sessler and Imrey, 2015). Research design The research design is mainly to two types that is qualitative research and quantitative research. Qualitative research mainly analyse the quality of the topic that is being researched such a the types, age, gender and attitudes. Quantitative research analyses the quantity of the attributes, which can be measured such as the height, weight and many more (Brinkmann, S. (2014). The research will use some part of both the quantitative and qualitative data for the analysis as the trends as well as the quality of the technology needs to be explained. However, a qualitative analysis is more suitable as the research is mainly on the growth in the quality of the technology used in the hotel sector (Silverman, 2016). Sampling Sampling is a process of taking out few number of samples from a large population to analyse on the given research problem. The sampling is of various types such as simple random sampling, multistage sampling and quota sampling (Creswell, 2013). Here we will use simple random sampling of 40 hotels as the research needs to analyse the technology trend in all types of hospitality sector from one star hotel to five and seven star hotels. Data collection methods Data collection methods are very important in the research as it decides the result of eh research that is done. The data can be collected through primary research as well as from secondary sources such as the internet, books, magazines and many more (Bryman, 2015). The research will require the use of both primary and secondary data as some objectives can be reached by directly contacting these hospitality units while others can be found from the secondary sources like the company data base and press releases. Primary data will includes collecting data from the management of the hotel regarding their service quality, number of customers visiting in a day and method of payment collection and any more. On the other hand, secondary data will be collected on the companys new technology innovations, room service and others (Taylor et al, 2015). Primary Research Methods Description of the method Interview method Interview is one of the most useful methods of collecting the data as it allows the researcher to interact with the respondent directly. The respondent can express their full vies and knowledge on the question asked by the researcher. This helps the researcher to collect correct information from the respondent without any manipulation or changes. Moreover, the interviewer also gets a chance to mould the questions according to the need of the research and depending on the mood of the respondent (Tarone et al, 2013). Survey questionnaire Questionnaire is yet another form of collecting information for the research through a structured questionnaire. Setting a questionnaire requires to include all types of questions. There are both open ended and closed ended questions in the survey. The ended questions require the respondent to answer in yes or a no. However, an open-ended question gives them the chance to share their views on the issue. There are various ways to sending these questionnaires to the respondent such as by physically visiting the respondent, through mails and internet. There will also be few rating scales, which will rate the quality of technology in the hotel sectors Anfara and Mertz, 2014). Ethical consideration Having a consideration for the ethics of the research is one of the most necessary things that the researcher has to see while conducting the research (Ritchie et al, 2013). This will help the research it be successfully completed and give them the most accurate result. There are a set of conducts, rules and principles to carry out the research and these are known as the research ethics. These ethics are very crucial for the research as it may hamper the effectiveness of the result and the reason for which the research has been conducted. Some of the common ethics of a research are plagiarism, confidentiality, misuse of the given information and illegal ways of collecting or questioning the respondents (Flick, 2015). The respondents must be selected appropriately an dby thorough consideration as unsuitable respondent may raise ethical issue in the research. Moreover, there are various sources o collect data and choosing a wrong source may put the research task under ethical issues. T his makes it necessary for the researcher to consider all misconducts that may raise potential ethical problems. Before taking the answer from the respondents, it is necessary that the researcher assure the respondents that the information provided by them will be kept confidential and will not be misused in future. However, this also means that the respondent is not allowed to use inevitable sources for data collection just to abide by the rule of ethics. The researcher does not have the right to force the respondent for giving any information that they are not willing to provide. Lastly, there should be some supporting relationship between the primary and the secondary data. The findings of the primary data should be somewhat connected to the result of the secondary data. Thus, these ethical considerations should be kept in mind by the researcher in order to deal correctly with the findings and research of the problem (Cohen, Manion, Morrison, 2013). Outcome of the research The research methods and the ethical considerations stated above will help the researcher to fid valuable and informative results from the findings. The findings will thus help them to know the real trend of technologies going on in the hospitality sector. The primary research carried out by the researcher will help them to know the internal information of the hotel such as their room service, the number of mobile facility available in their rooms, the technology used in their reception service such as maintaining customer data and payment options (Smith, 2015). Further it will also allow them to ask the hotel management about the customers that drive in to their hotels in a day after viewing the type of technology they use. This will help the researcher to the benefit and importance technology play in the in the hotel sector. It will also help them know the rate of growth the hotel sector needs to bring in their technology to survive in this competitive industry. Thus, the current c ondition as well as future growth both can be analysed with the help of the methods mentioned above. The researcher can also formulate further recommendations to the hotels to incorporate personalisation and customisation in their service plan. Limitation of the research Conducting a research is not an easy task, as it seems. It also has various restrictions and limitations that the research needs to consider. One of the most important limitations is that the researcher cannot include everything about the findings in the research report. The second important limitation while conducting the research is the time. Time is a crucial factor in such a wide report analysis (Merriam and Tisdell, 2015). The requirement of the report needs a lot of time; however, the researcher needs to outline the time for each activity and try to stick to that to come out with an accurate result within that frame of time. The researcher needs a lot o time to survey the data through the interview process. Thus, they must reduce the time in the questionnaire method by sending the questionnaire through mails and emails. However, the objective of the report is to analyse the trend and affect of technology in the hospitality sector (Grissemann, Pikkemaat, Weger, 2013). It does n ot analyse the other factors that is important for the success of the hospitality sector such as their capital, infrastructure and more. Thus, these types of restrain and limitations of all types face the research that will be conducted. Personal reflection of the research process Firstly, I have selected a topic, which is very relevant to the ongoing trend in the hospitality sector. Moreover, hospitality industry is also growing at a faster rate, which makes this research even more appropriate. After selecting the topic of the research, I laid down the objective behind doing this research to make it appear more relevant and meaningful (Lederman and Abell, 2014). Then I discussed the method that I can use to analyse and carry out the research. Thus, for my benefit I cleared out my main intention of this research to make it free from any kind of doubt. While selecting the method of the research I kept in mind the needs of the finds then selected both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Further, I also selected primary as well as secondary data to be collected through interview and survey method so that information is collected from all sides (Bryman and Bell, 2015). While selecting the sampling type I also selected the sample size that is 40 hotels t o make my analysis easy and clear. Further, the ethical issues of the research are also considered to make the research free from any kinds of plagiarism or unethical issues. Lastly, I discussed about the outcomes that might come because of this analysis and the limitations of the research, which is not being covered. Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be deduced that the research is being conducted on the trends of technology improvement in the hospitality industry. The reliability of the topic is also justified on the ground that it is one o the major running sectors in the world and technology play a crucial role for this industry. The methodology of the research is designed by choosing interpretivism as the research philosophy, primary and secondary data as data collection method and qualitative and quantitative method for analysing the collected data. Sampling of 40 hotels is chose to be analysed and involved in the interview and survey methods. The research will also use some tools such as SPSS, statistical tools, tables and graphs for analysing the data and making the result look clearer. However, the survey will also meet through certain constraints such as time and cost which is to be planned by the researcher before starting with the research work. The researcher also has the responsibility to maintain both the quality and integrity of the research References AnfaraJr, V.A. and Mertz, N.T. eds. (2014). Theoretical frameworks in qualitative research. New York: Sage publications. Brinkmann, S. (2014). Interview. In Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology (pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Bryman, A. (2015). Social research methods. USA: Oxford university press. Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015). Business research methods. USA: Oxford University Press. Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2013). Research methods in education. Routledge. Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications. Flick, U. (2015).Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. USA: Sage. Grissemann, U. S., Pikkemaat, B., Weger, C. (2013). Antecedents of innovation activities in tourism: An empirical investigation of the Alpine hospitality industry. Turizam: me?unarodni znanstveno-stru?ni ?asopis, 61(1), 7-27. Hospitality Magazine (HT). (2017). Hospitalitytech.com. Retrieved 14 August 2017, from https://hospitalitytech.com/6-mega-trends-hotel-technology Lederman, N. and Abell, S. (2014). Handbook of Research on Science Education. UK: Routledge. Merriam, S. B., Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. USA: John Wiley Sons. Neuhofer, B., Buhalis, D., Ladkin, A. (2014). A typology of technology?enhanced tourism experiences. International Journal of Tourism Research, 16(4), 340-350. rarr;, V. (2017). Five Current Trends in Hospitality Industry Technology. Business Matters. Retrieved 14 August 2017, from https://www.bmmagazine.co.uk/in-business/five-current-trends-hospitality-industry-technology-2/ Ritchie, J., Lewis, J., Nicholls, C. M., Ormston, R. (Eds.). (2013). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers. USA: Sage. Sessler, D.I. and Imrey, P.B. (2015). Clinical research methodology 1: Study designs and methodologic sources of error. Anesthesia Analgesia, 121(4), pp. 1034-1042. Silverman, D. ed. (2016).Qualitative research. USA: Sage Smith, J. A. (Ed.). (2015). Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage. Tarone, E. E., Gass, S. M. and Cohen, A. D. (2013). Research methodology in second-language acquisition. UK: Routledge. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M. (2015). Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. USA: John Wiley Sons. Wilson, J. (2014). Essentials of Business Research: A Guide to Doing Your Research Project. USA: SAGE.

Compliance Issues Associated with Foreign Corrupt Practices Act 1977

Critically analyse the ways in which the personalisation agenda might impact on the protection of vulnerable adults. The WritePass Journal

Critically analyse the ways in which the personalisation agenda might impact on the protection of vulnerable adults. Abstract Critically analyse the ways in which the personalisation agenda might impact on the protection of vulnerable adults. : 47). As personalisation is contrary to this, problems are likely to arise since social workers are required to develop creative ways of working by a critical, politicised and geographical view of our culturally plural society (Gardner, 2011: 30). This is much more difficult to achieve when adopting the personalisation agenda as social workers are required to take a step back and allow vulnerable adults to take control. HCPC standards, legislation policy and guidance The current HCPC standards that are required of social workers are also likely to conflict with the personalisation agenda since social workers are required to act in the best interests of their service users (HCPC, 2012: 3). Accordingly, enabling vulnerable adults to live independently may not be acting in their best interests as certain individuals will require constant supervision and will need the help and support from social workers. Hence, even if it appears as though a person is capable of taking control of their own life, this may not always be the case and so it is important that social workers continue to take a pro-active role in the lives of vulnerable adults. Thus, under the No Secrets (Adult Protection) guidance managers with the responsibility of overseeing and supervising the investigation of, and response to, adult abuse are required to ensure that all appropriate agencies are involved in the investigation and the provision of support, and that good standards of prac tices are maintained (Department of Health, 2000: 16). However, personalisation is likely to have an impact on such responsibilities as it will require a change in the way welfare services are being delivered and the ways vulnerable adults are being supervised. Direct Payments, Exploitation and Fairer Charges As personalisation allows the individual to have a greater choice, the government will have less control over individual budgets. Accordingly, those in need of care will thus have a choice whether to accept direct payments in order to purchase their own social care services or allow local authorities to arrange their care (MNDA, 2010: 2). Whilst it has been said that this new approach helps those in need of care to attain a program suited to their individual needs (Age UK, 2013: 1), this can actually have dangerous consequences. This is because the service user may be at risk of abuse   and exploitation by family members and unscrupulous carers (8). However, provided that this risk can be managed appropriately it has been said that the personalisation agenda may actually provide individuals with a fairer charging system (Duffy, 2011: 4). However, this will not be the case for everyone and whilst some individuals may end up with a better deal, others may be expected to meet the cost s of their care themselves. Arguably, whilst this system is workable in meeting the needs of certain individuals, it may actually penalise others. In addition, as put by (The Policy Press, 2011: 96) it increases the costs of disability, encourages institutionalisation and works against independent living and person-centred support. This is not what was intended by the establishment of the personalisation agenda and unless these inherent risks can be managed, it is likely that vulnerable adults will suffer.   Conclusion Overall, it is evident that the personalisation agenda is likely to have a significant impact upon the ways in which vulnerable adults are likely to be protected in the future. This is because, the main objectives of personalisation are to enable vulnerable adults to take control of their own lives and live independently. This agenda, nevertheless, conflicts with the current practices that are being adopted by social workers in protecting vulnerable adults and as a result of this many changes are likely to be required. Whilst it is clear that a balance needs to be struck, it is likely that this will prove extremely complex when trying to put this into practice. Yet, it remains to be seen, if any, what measure will be taken by social workers in ensuring that the personalisation agenda is being employed, whilst at the same time maintaining the protection of vulnerable adults. References Age UK. (2013) Personal Budgets More control over Your Care, [Online], Available: ageuk.org.uk/home-and-care/help-at-home/self-directed-support/ [13 January 2014]. Carr, S. (2010) SCIE Report: Enabling risk, ensuring safety: Self-directed support and personal budgets Enabling Risk and Personal Budgets, Social Care Institute for Excellence. Department of Health. (2000) No Secrets: Guidance on developing and implementing multi-agency policies and procedures to protect vulnerable adults from abuse Home Office. Department of Health. (2007) Putting People First; A shared vision and commitment to the transformation of Adult Social Care HM Government. [Online], Available:   cpa.org.uk/cpa/putting_people_first.pdf [10 January 2014]. Department of Health   (2009) Transforming Adult Social Care Local Authority Circular. Duffy, S. (2011) A Fair Society and the Limits of Personalisation. Sheffield: Centre for Welfare Reform. Gardner, A. (2011) Personalisation in Social Work, SAGE, Social Science. Gray, A. M. and Birrell, D. (2013) Transforming Adult Social Care, The Policy Press. HCPC. (2012) Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics Health Care Professions Council, Your duties as a registrant, [Online], Available: hpc-uk.org/assets/documents/10003B6EStandardsofconduct,performanceandethics.pdf [10 January 2014]. Hopton. J. (2012) Anti-discriminatory practice and anti-oppressive practice; A radical humanist psychology perspective Critical Social Policy, volume 17, no. 52. IPC. (2010) Safeguarding vulnerable adults through better commissioning A Discussion Paper for Commissioners of Adult Social Care, Institute of Public Care. Lansley, A. (2010) Speech to the 5th International Carers Conference The Royal Armouries, Leeds. MNDA. (2010) Direct Payments and Personalisation, Information Sheet No 22B, [Online], Available: mndassociation.org/Resources/MNDA/Life%20with%20MND/Information%20sheet%2022B%20-%20Direct%20payments%20and%20personalisation.pdf [13 January 2014]. The Policy Press. (2011) Supporting People: Towards a Person-centred Approach, Social Science.

Business of war and war of the business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business of war and war of the business - Essay Example Life and Debt is a documentary based on A Small Place by Jamaica Kincaid. Released in 2001, Life and Debt analyze the economic and social scenario of Jamaica with the discussion of international financial institutions like International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank’s impact on Jamaica’s macro-environment. Moreover, the impact of globalization and global financial institutions’ structural adjustments on Jamaica’s economy are also discussed in the 80 minute long documentary. The documentary won 8 internationally renowned awards due to the ideology presented in the documentary (Internet Movie Database line 1-10). Lord of war was released in 2005 and is considered as belonging to crime war movie genre. Produced and directed by Andrew Niccol, Lord of War portrays the life of an illegal dealer of arms and presents the psychoanalysis of Yuri Orlov. Nicolas Cage has played the anchor role in the movie as Yuri Orlov and the majority of the part of the movie r evolves around acknowledging its audience that how international arm dealers adds to the ongoing wars in different parts of the world for the sake of increasing profitability of their business (Internet Movie Database line 1-8). First of all, the focus would be laid on the mise en scene that these two films were based on. Both movies project the deteriorated scenario of two different but financially similar societies initially. Lord of war starts with the manufacturing of bullet at a Soviet firm and its shipment to an African war zone, thus reflecting how the fire arm trade is worsening the already worst scenario in African nations like Zimbabwe, Congo and Somalia. On the other hand, Life and Debt starts with the voice over of lead artist telling the story of Jamaica’s financial system’s destruction in the hand of global financial institutions and their efforts to implement globalization policies into the business systems of Jamaica. In this sense, the plots of these t wo movies are almost same, but Lord of war focuses on acknowledging its audience about how arms dealers create wars in different regions of the world so that their revenues keep on increasing. Whereas, Life and debt focuses on acknowledging its audience about how financial institutions of the world had used their power to enrage war of business and finances in Jamaica. In this manner, both these films are same to each other when it comes to projecting war culture in different movies and the social abuse that business commit towards different nations of the world. But at the same time, these movies contrast to each other as far as the basic tool projected in both of the movies, i.e. fire arms used in Lord of War and financial resources used to create war in Life and Debt. The biggest similarity between Lord of War and Life and Debt is that these movies focuses on delivering the message that business should not forget their social responsibility and ethical boundaries to expand the si ze of their revenues. Lord of war explains how Yuri Orlov committed himself to international crimes by selling weapons to militant forces in Africa. While dealing with African dictators and militants, Yuri forgot his social responsibilities and ignored the innocent people who will be killed with the weapons he sold. Even he did not considered his brother’s death and wife’

Participation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Participation - Essay Example They believe that the sole authority of one’s life is the person himself and hence he should be allowed to take decisions whether to continue his life or not. The above argument seems to be a convincing one when we analyse it in a glance. But when we analyse it more deeply we will identify the difficulties associated with such claims. A person who is allowed to terminate his life may have lot of social and family commitments. He might be a father, a son, or a brother to somebody and he has some moral responsibilities to all these relatives. Moreover, when we analyse this case on religious terms, again we cannot support one’s decision to commit suicide. Life is a precious thing given to the human by the creator and no human so far succeeded in creating an artificial life. Only the creator has the authority to destroy or modify his creations and hence only God has the authority to take our life back as per the religious beliefs. So in normal case, if he commits suicide, i t cannot be accepted as a moral or ethical activity. At the same time, consider the same person in a pathetic condition, suffering from lot of pain due to chronic diseases. If he is in a no hope condition or the doctors have written off his case, (say in a paralysed condition with lot of pain and incapable of doing anything without the help of others), he can seek the assistance of a physician to terminate his life (Physician assisted suicide). In such cases, it cannot be considered as a normal suicide. In other words, a suicide can be justified if the person was in a no hope condition with nobody to assist him and the medical science has written off his case. Moreover, the morality and ethics behind an action depends on a person’s belief in some cases. In the above example itself, if the person happens to be a nonbeliever in God or religion, then his decision to seek the help of a physician to terminate his life because of pathetic conditions might be

Femininity in American Cinema Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Femininity in American Cinema - Essay Example Most Hollywood pictures were based on scripts which had a plainly obvious adherence to the tried and tested formula of the attraction between the sexes, where the feminine element played centre stage. The female was largely seen to be responsible for the occurrence of the various events in the plot, which were unfailingly the result of the male-female chemistry prevalent in the perception of society. A classic example of the feminine element in American cinema would be the 1998 romantic comedy â€Å"You’ve Got Mail†. Meg Ryan portrays Kathleen Kelly who is involved with Frank Navasky (Greg Kinnear), while maintaining the fact that the two were otherwise acquainted in business. While Frank, as a newspaper writer for the New York Observer, is devoted to the typewriter, Kathleen prefers her laptop and logging into her AOL e-mail account [1]. This maybe interpreted as a portrayal of the sense of adaptation of the modern female as opposed to the modern male who maybe seen as sticking to the traditional path of existence. A further shade of thought may lie in the storyline where the hero runs a considerably large bookstore with commercial values taking the forefront, while the heroine runs a small corner shop book store. This may be a subtle allusion to the subordination supposedly meted out from one gender to the other, in the backdrop of a long online courtship without either party being aware of the other’s identity. Yet another 1998 film, â€Å"Savior†, portrays a different shade of the feminine element. The film portrays a Serbian woman and her newborn child being escorted by an American soldier to a safe house during the Bosnian War. This may well be an allusion to the primitive idea of the protection warranted by the fairer sex. The portrayal of the feminine element here, as with most of the citable examples, is largely an instrument to emphasize the different shades of the masculine form.

Bajaj Auto Limited | Analysis

Bajaj Auto Limited | Analysis The global economy and the market are growing faster than ever. The current business situation is in a state where they need to reshape their ideas constantly. The change has become so inevitable that without it a company couldnt survive in this competitive world. Change is the process of taking a company from current position (state) to a desired or expected position (state) and at the same time dealing with the problems that arise in the process, then change is about the management. (Gill, 2003). Change is something that cannot force upon, it is a gradual process of transformation that can affect the entire structure. Change management is an organized, methodical application of the knowledge, tools, and resources of change that provides organizations with a key development to achieve their business strategy. But change management is not a distinct discipline with rigid and clearly defined boundaries (Burnes, 2004). Organisations may not get their desired outcome if the change management is not effective. With effective management of change we can easily achieve a better turnover, expand the business, reduce cost of sales, maximise profit and even retain the same employee satisfaction. There are two angles in which a change can be viewed one from the management who are implementing it and another form the employees who undergo it. In the past, the affect of change agents on a business organization was very small but as and when the business transactions started to happen on global basis, the agents that could lead into organizational change also increased. The affect of a change can be felt in global way just like the current financial crunch that is happening around world. Brief History of Bajaj Auto Limited The Bajaj Group is one of the top 10 business organisations in India. The Bajaj Group has a wide range of industries such as, Bajaj Auto Ltd, home appliances, lighting, iron and steel, insurance, travel and finance. But the groups main focus is Bajaj Auto which is ranked as the worlds fourth largest two- and three- wheeler manufacturer and is well-known in over a dozen countries in Europe, Latin America, the US and Asia. Jamnalal Bajaj founded Bajaj Auto Ltd in the year 1926, which did mainly import and sell two or three wheelers. In the year 1959, the company secured a license from the government of India to manufacture two and three wheelers. From this license, the company started to grow and in the same year, it went in collaboration with Piaggio to manufacture scooters and marketed under the brand name Vespa. By the end of the 10 year agreement with Piaggio, the company started manufacturing its own scooters under the brand name Chetak which pushed the Indian market to top boom and stayed as market leaders in scooter industry for a long period in India. The scooter made a strong brand image among people especially the middle class families who longed to have their own transport which was economical, durable and easy to maintain which was the key factor for their dominancy in market. The cost of motorcycles was 30% high when compared with scooters, so common people prefer it. Another factor for the market dominancy was the restriction for international brands in the Indian market. Hence the company faced no much competition. After the effect of globalisation when international organisation started to enter the Indian market, the competition faced by Bajaj was severe. The international companies had invested a lot in Research and developments and had better features and fuel efficiencies and this started to trouble the Bajas rule over the Indian market. When the price gap between motorcycles and scooters narrowed consumers started to shift to motorcycles because they were more able to travel on a terrain and had much greater ground clearance. When banks started to give loans to own vehicles it was a dream come true for most of the Indians and thus the consumer preference shifted to motorcycles rather than scooters. To conclude the situation created because of the companys lack of interest in RD, the turn over market dominancy and overall market value of the company starts declining constantly. (Source: www.bajajauto.com) Changing Scenario In the early 1990s, the market saw a great recession in the Indian two wheeler sector; overall sales of two-wheelers declined by 15% in 1991 and 8% in 1992. This period also saw a steep rise in fuel prices, which resulted in consumers placing greater emphasis on fuel efficiency when purchasing a new two wheeler. Fuel efficiency of scooters were comparatively less with motorcycles. When banks started financing for buying new vehicles common people shifted to motorcycles which can save a fortune in fuel. Japanese companies like Honda motor co. ltd (Honda), Suzuki and Yamaha started their operations in India through joint ventures with Indian companies like hero Cycles ltd, TVS, Escorts, etc. All these joint ventures were in the motorcycle segment. The foreign firms came with the latest technology and efficient production systems, which dramatically improved the quality of motorcycles available in the Indian market. Soon the foreign companies started introducing more new models with contemporary technology, styling and greater fuel efficiency. Then, the entire Indian market witnessed a change that was not at all foreseen by the company. The consumer preference shifted from scooters to motorcycles, which affected the company drastically in a much big way. This was because the difference in the ratio of youngsters and mature adults. In addition the motorcycles became cheaper, more fuel-efficient and was capable to ride with ease in any terrain. The arch rivals, Hero Honda was the company the Bajaj had to compete, but it was in vain as Bajaj had not once thought of modifying their scooters or thought of bringing new motorcycles into market and ultimately Bajaj had to give up its throne of the largest two wheeler company. The model Bajaj was rolling out of the company was a geared scooter. In the year 2005-06 with the entry of gearless scooters Bajaj lost its dominance over the Indian market to the gearless scooter named Activa from Honda, which was more comfortable for old people as well as women and even men have started to use Activa for their short errands because of its ease of use. Forces of Change Organisational change is triggered by performance falling below expectations or aspiration levels (Nilakant Ramnarayan, 2006) or change is initiated by disconfirmation. Forces of change can be two types: the external and the internal. External Forces Consumer preference In the 1990s, the Indian two wheeler market witnessed a shift in consumer preferences. License Raj The private investment was extensively regulated by the government through licensing. All the important business decisions like the entry of a firm into an industry, capacity expansion, choice of product, capacity mix and the technology were controlled by the government in an attempt to prevent concentration of economic power. This was referred as License Raj. Also there was a change in emission norms. Poor conditions of the road The conditions were really bad at that time. The consumers need a vehicle with strong reliability and fuel efficient. Poor conditions of the transport system The suppliers had a hard time for supplying materials. Also the growth was partly attributed to the inefficient public transport systems in the countrys towns and cities, which led to a greater demand for personal transport. Internal Forces Companys inability to force the market and shift in the trend patterns BAL had been slow in reading the demand pattern and how to cater to the changing consumer tastes and preferences. Company was not interested in RD It was believed that the dramatic shift happened because BAL did not pay sufficient attention to design, research and development and consumer satisfaction. No additional features Motorcycles with better ground clearance, stronger suspensions, and larger wheel bases, performed well on the village roads. Also the fuel economy was an added bonus No other brand of scooters No young and fresh minds in the companys management Change Models The format and the procedure by which a change has been made in a particular scenario is known as the change model. Change models are tools for driving change forces in an organization. Managing the complex process of change mainly involves managing a set of activities, in which each of the activity is crucial for the overall success of change. The change process involves translating the need for change into a desire for change, and deciding who will manage the change and creating a effective workable relationship. Change Model applied in Bajaj Auto Ltd Change Models provided by Kurt Lewin (1951) and V. Nilakant S. Ramnarayan (2006) is one of the prominent change models followed in the present world. The best model suited for the current scenario is the combination of both of these models by above authors. It can be divided into three phases: The first phase involves preparing the people for change with the focus on getting them to let go of what is familiar. The second phase involves taking the steps that actually implement the change. The last phase involves returning the organization to a stable state again based on the new culture. The first stage according to Kurt Lewin, in order to implement a change is Unfreezing and most of the cases it will be done by the change agent. In this scenario, Rahul Bajaj, the chairperson of the company is the change agent and this stage involves alerting and communicating the problems, performance gap and need for change to the internal customers/employees. It is basically modifying the current situation in order to achieve the proposed change by proper communication and understanding to the restrainers of change which helps to reduce the resistance and it is the best strategy for change. The second stage involves the application of the change model provided by V. Nilakant and S. Ramnarayan. It mainly highlights the importance of leadership in the process of change. The task of appreciating change requires the leader to understand the forces of change and prevailing mindset inside the organisation, where as task of mobilising support require leaders to facilitate the idea of change. In the same model, task of executing change involves creating the right structure and processes in an organisation, which is crucial and very important for the vertical and horizontal communication within the organisation, which ensures that employees are highly focused during the change process. Building Change capability involves empowering employees and making them believe in their own abilities to face new challenges; undertake and complete new tasks. Above all, high emphasises is placed on leadership in the organisation which is the driving force of the above tasks, which also plays a vital role in creating and sustaining change within an organisation. Managed Change, is a data-driven process that guides the project teams, internal change agents and sponsors to follow as they just need to follow guidelines through simple projects or complex initiatives. The third stage is refreezing stage which stabilizes the organisation at a new state of equilibrium. The main point about this stage is that new behaviour must be, to some degree, congruent with the rest of the behaviour, personality and environment of the learner or it will simply lead to a new round of disconfirmation (Schein, 1996). In organisational terms, refreezing often requires changes to organisational culture, norms, policies and practices. (Cummings and Huse, 1989) (Source: Bernard Burnes (2004) Managing Change (Fourth Edition) Prentice Hall) Application of change model in Bajaj Auto Ltd Unfreezing Stage: After dominating the Indian two wheeler market for three decades by the end of 1999 BAL realised the change in consumer preference from scooter to motorcycles with four stroke engines and predictions was that this trend will continue in a higher scale. There was a 41% fall in scooter sale in 2001 which was a real threat for the existence of BAL. Also a new set of emission norms (equivalent to Euro II emission norms) came into effect in 2000 for petrol two stroke engines. As a result, scooters with two-stroke engines fell out of favour. Applying the change model proposed above, Bajaj Autos was losing its market share due to change in consumer preferences, development of new market segments and availability of better products and scooters manufactured by their competitors. In first step, Chairman of company Rahul Bajaj which is change agent as well identified the need for change as suggested by Kurt Lewin, he unfreeze the current situation by making employees aware of problems, performance gap and need for change. Simultaneously, he empowered and provided new leadership roles to younger generation such as Rajiv Bajaj (Managing Director). In an attempt to regain market share, the company increased its production of motorcycles by 67.6% in 2001 even as the production of geared scooters fell by 44%. By 2001, the company was manufacturing as many motorcycles as geared scoters. Moving/Changing Stage: This is the stage where the leadership qualities of a change agent play an important role in success of the change. Change agent in our scenario Rahul Bajaj who is the chair person of the company analysed the present market environment and figure out the importance of change to retain the market share and to bring the company back in the path of success. He figured out the customer demands through surveys and categorised the production in different segments such as executive segment, cruiser segment, premium segment etc. He also introduced youngsters into the company and gave them more authority in order to create innovative ideas which were very important for the competitive market. He also invested a huge amount in RD and also for design. This completely changed the product portfolio of Bajaj Auto Ltd. Within a short time after these changes new version motorcycles launched in every segment such as Boxer and Caliber in executive segment, Eliminator in cruiser segment and Pulser Ave nger and Discover in premium segment which was a huge success in the Indian motorcycles industry. This transformation of Bajaj from scooters to motorcycles created a huge impact on the mind set of the public especially the new generation who were looking for more performance and stylish bikes. The turning point in this change process was the introduction of the product Pulsar and DTSi technology which help them to capture the two wheeler market under their name and to overcome their rival Hero Honda. They also tried to resurrect scooter sales. While sale of geared scooters were falling, the gearless scooter has been growing. The purchasers of gearless scooters were mainly teenagers, women and older people. So they started production of gearless scooters in 2000 under the name Saffire which was a great success with its new technology and design from Tokyo RD a Japanese design firm. They also give great importance to improve the mileage because it was an important specification for choosing a new model in the market. As per the model suggested the change agent was successful in motivating people, engaging people and developing the capabilities in an economical way rather than going for a complete reconstruction of the organisation. They appreciated the change happened in the organisation, build up the change capabilities, mobilise support and execute the change in the right time and right manner. Refreezing Stage: This is the stage where the company returns to a stable state based on the new culture. It mainly deals with changes to organisational culture, norms, policies and practices to cope up with the change for a smooth running of the day to day routine of the organisation. When Bajajs motorcycles were becoming popular the scooter sales were really down because of the competition in market. They analysed the market deeply and made apt changes. Meetings and sessions were arranged to discuss the unpleasant fact about new competition and flat earnings. So they were forced to phase out several models including the Spirit, the Sunny Spice, the Legend NXT 2 and the Bravo. The Saffire, suffered from several technical problems. Its sales too failed to pick up so they did modifications and was replaced by the Wave in 2005. In 2004, they also upgraded their old model Chetak with a new four stroke, 125cc engine, with a promise of greater comfort, superior performance, and better mileage. In June 2006, the company announced its plans to raise production capacity from 3.5 million units to 5.1 million units a year by 2009, of which the capacity for two-wheelers was to be 4.6 million units. According to their plans, they recently launched a 220cc variant of it popular Pulsar motorcycle. In 2004 Bajaj auto changed their old logo and created a new logo and brand line to renew its new brand identity. This proves that a vision says something that helps clarify the direction in which an organization needs to move (Kotter, 2007). These visions and their accomplishments stabilised the organisation at a new state of equilibrium. Change Agent The person who has the handed the management of the change is known as the change agent. The facilitator who is in-charge of the change in particular section where the change is needed is known as the change agent. (Mc Calman and Paton 1992). Their task also includes circulate information, identify problems, strategy development, monitor the progress and problems and reporting to the management. To introduce a change the change agent must have a vision and direction and the capability to make people to follow their direction and understand their vision. (Clarke, 1994). In this case study, the chair person of Bajaj Auto Limited Mr. Rahul Bajaj is the change agent who proved to have a great compassion towards changes in market conditions. He also proved to be an efficient change agent by handling different difficult situation easily. According to the changes in market conditions he changed the brand names to make them more localised and classified the motorcycles in different sections so they can penetrate the market more easily. His adherent Rajiv Bajaj also played a very important role in this change scenario who had a major role in designing and marketing their icon model Pulsar which help the company to acquire a major share in market. Pulsar was selected as Bike of the year for continuous 4 years and he was selected as the Automotive man of the year 2005 by Auto car Professional, bike India and NDTV India respectively. Timely actions taken by change agent like implementation of changes in policies, production and technology and final stage of in tegration help them to achieve the worlds 4th and Indias 1st largest producer of two and three wheelers. Analysis and Recommendations: In this scenario Bajaj Auto Ltd handled this particular situation incredibly but there were certain instances where they could have done even better. The Indian two wheeler market was dominated by scooters till 1990s and motorcycles came as new favourites. Bajaj was the market leaders till that time later their sales declined because they did not pay attention to design, R D and customer preference. They also didnt give much importance to marketing while the competitors were keen in increasing the sales through advertisements. Rahul Bajaj later admitted that they had been slow in reading the demand pattern and failed to anticipate customer behaviour. They also didnt participate in any social responsibilities and failed to build a trusting relationship with customers, employees and society. But they handled the whole situation sensibly with the proper implementation of change models and the powerful leadership under the change agent Rahul Bajaj. Conclusion This scenario clearly shows that change is a continuous process and a proper identification and implementation of a change results in organisational growth. Success of change depends on choosing the perfect change model with fewer resources and can create maximum outcome. An organisation should anticipate the need for change, utilise the resources effectively to attain this mission and must integrate this effort into the planning process. Change agent also has an important role where the desired result depends on how he manages the particular change. To conclude change is an essential aspect in growth and development and the overall success depends on how we tackle the change effectively. References: Bernard Burnes (2004) Managing Change (Fourth Edition) Prentice Hall Bob Hamlin (2001) Organisational Change and Development (First Edition) Prentice Hall B.L Marquis C.J Huson (2003) Leadership Roles and Management (Fourth Edition) Philadelphia, Lippincott Colin Carnall (2007) Managing Change in Organisations (Fifth Edition) Prentice Hall John Hayes (2007) the Theory and Practice of Change Management (Second Edition) Palgrave Macmillan, New York L. B. Fossum M. G. Crisp (1989) Understanding Organizational Change: Converting Theory to Practice (First Edition) Thomson Crisp Learning R. Woolfe W. Dryden (1996) Handbook of Counselling Psychology (First Edition) Sage Publications T.G Cummings C. G. Worley (2001) Organisation Development and Change (Sixth Edition) South Western College Publishing, Ohio V. Nilakant S. Ramnarayan (2007) Change Management (Second Edition) Sage Publications, India http://www.bajajauto.com/1024/aboutbajaj/awards.asp (Electronically Accessed on November 14th 2008). http://www.domain-b.com/companies/companies_b/bajaj_auto/20060313_invest.html (Electronically Accessed on December 06th 2008). http://www.domain-b.com/companies/companies_b/bajaj_auto/20050201_growth.html (Electronically Accessed on November 24th 2008). http://www.honda2wheelersindia.com/default.asp (Electronically Accessed on December 16th 2008). http://www.india-today.com/btoday/20010916/cover.html (Electronically Accessed on January 04th 2009). http://news.moneycontrol.com/india/news/management/bajajautobajajgroup/howhamarabajajbecamesignindependentindia/market/stocks/article/230375 (Electronically Accessed on November 03rd 2008). http://www.rediff.com/business/2000/jan/18bajaj.htm (Electronically Accessed on November 28th 2008). http://sify.com/finance/fullstory.php?id=14579309 (Electronically Accessed on January 08th 2009). http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/catalyst/2004/08/05/stories/2004080500020100.htm (Electronically Accessed on October 29th 2008). http://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20020422/biz.htm (Electronically Accessed on December 11th 2008).

Relationships Essay -- essays research papers

Whether it occurs in the home, at work, or many other places, human beings maintain relationships everywhere they go. People have different types of relationships. A person keeps a relationship with their mother, pastor, friend, and boss, but those relationships are all different. There are many different elements to analyze when discussing a relationship. Many factors are involved, such as amount of time spent, amount of intimacy, types of activities participated in, and dependability of the relationship.The first type of relationship a person typically has, are ones that are formed within a religious setting, such as a church, temple, or synagogue. The amount of time spent within this relationship varies depending on how much type an individual devotes to his or her religion. However, the amount of intimacy is usually very high, as one divulges most, if not all, of their personal problems and issues. The relationships formed within the religious setting is usually dependable in that one can rely of the people within the religious circle for advice and counsel, through the bond of a common faith. One participates in limited activities within this relationship, ones that are exclusive to activities that are in the religious setting, such as church bake sales and Sunday mass.Secondly, another type of a common relationship are formed within a club setting such as athletics and parties. The people one encounters in these types of settings may be very close to them, but only within the boundaries of a club. For example, two people on a football team may shed blood, sweat, and tears for each other, but not necessarily be the best of friends after the season. In sports, the time spent with each other is usually a lot, a couple of hours every day at the very least. The amount of intimacy shared within athletics is not always abundant. The information shared between usually shared between teammates stays within the boundaries of the particular sport in which they are participating. Likewise, dependability is not required for purposes other than those related to athletics. For example, a football player can depend on his teammates to block for him in the game, but not to pay off his mortgage. Activities shared with teammates are most often limited to athletic practices, games, and gatherings related to the particular sport.In comparison to athletics, party fri... ...huge factor. Nobody knows and cares for a person better than their family. Likewise, when someone is trouble or needs some advice, the family is usually the most dependable people to go to. One's family will help them get through mostly everything. From monetary problems to marital problems, one's family will always be there for a shoulder to lean on. Activities shared within a family are just about anything that is family-related, like a nightly dinner or family reunions.Throughout one's life, many types of relationships are developed, each with their own guidelines and elements. It is impossible for a person to go through life withouthaving at least one type of relationship. Even hermits like the Unabomber had relationships here and there. He had teachers, family, friends, and co-workers, just like the rest of the population. Whether it occurs at someone's workplace, church, school, or in their home, people maintain relationships wherever they go. Just as there are many factors involved, such as amount of time spent, intimacy, types of activities, and dependability of the relationship, all different types of relationships are a necessity for one to live a normal, healthy life.

Aging Process

The first article I chose to read was about grief, and how to cope with it. The loss of a loved one cause’s great stress can temporarily interfere with concentration, decision making, and work performance. With enough support and help, grief can promote personal growth of all of those involved in the process. According to this article, grief can be triggered by extreme isolation, depression, or other additive behaviors. Other indicators that show one who is dealing with grief may include quick replacement of the lost relationship or avoidance of any reminder of or imitation of the deceased.Many people who experience these symptoms need some sort of intervention by health care professionals. According to this article, there are many different types of grief that one can experience. These types include chronic grief, delayed grief, exaggerated grief, masked grief, and disenfranchised grief. Chronic grief begins as â€Å"normal grief,† but instead of going away, it continu es for a very long time. Some people tend to define themselves by their losses, which leads to the development of chronic grief.Delayed grief is when a survivor consciously or unconsciously holds back their feelings in order to avoid pain, such as avoiding discussion of the deceased, or working too much. In masked grief, the survivor is not aware that their response to grief is getting in the way of them performing daily functions. One who is experiencing this may refuse help. Disenfranchised grief can occur when a survivor can’t fully acknowledge the loss of a loved one because the relationship may be considered unacceptable. Those who experience this type of grief may be those who are gay or lesbian partners.There have been many studies done on the effects of care giving to those who are going through grief and loss. In a recent study, 129 spouse care givers were asked to rate their levels of care giving. Those who had little or no involvement in the care of a terminally il l spouse were found to be at higher risk for complicated grief than those with greater involvement. The next article I read was also about coping with grief and loss. This article states that over the past 30 years, health care professionals have shown an increase in interest in the issues related to grief.There have been many different studies done on grief and loss, some of which have the same conclusions and others that differ in outcomes. However, in spite of these varied findings, it seems to be that following the death of a loved one, there tends to be an increase in headaches, dizziness, trembling, etc. It has been recommended that these symptoms can be signs of grief. There has also been an interest on whether or not people who are going grieving a loss require more psychiatric care during their mourning period. There have been few studies done to show some answers, but data is inconclusive.This article defines grief as one who was experienced the loss of a loved one to deat h. This article also explains that when someone experiences the loss of an important person, there is a tendency for that person to feel helpless, like they are unable to exist without that person. Some may also have mixed emotions of sadness and anger. Aside from the emotional responses to grief, there are also physical features that accompany grief. Some of these features are tightening of the chest, hollowness of the stomach, tightness in the throat, and lack of energy.This article states the order in which grief tends to happen; disbelief, confusion, preoccupation, sense of presence, and hallucinations. There are also a variety of different behaviors that are associated with grief reactions. These can go from sleep deprivation, and loss of appetite, to social withdrawal. Although these articles both discuss grief and loss, they differ in certain ways. The first article talked more about the different types of grief, and described the characteristics of them individually. The fir st article also discussed the effects of a person who is not involved in care giving to their loved on who is terminally ill.I felt that the second article talked more about the most basic type of grief in full detail. The second article, as opposed to the first article, went into detail about the physical features that also accompany grief. I also think that the second article talked about more broad concepts of grief, where as the first article was more specific in its focus on grief. I really enjoyed the articles that I read. I aspire to become a grief and loss counselor one day, so I felt that these articles really pertained to what I am interested in. I think that they explained things very easy, in words that I could actually comprehend.I believe that grief and loss counselors are very important in society; everyone at some point will lose someone they love, and may need the special support of a professional. I also found this topic to be of relevance because my best friendsâ €™ father just passed away about a month ago. I have been helping her mourn and go through the grieving process. Reading these articles made me realize things that I have been doing correct, and maybe some things that I could try to do better to help her through this very hard time. I think that these articles clearly defined grief, and all of the components that go along with it.I feel that everyone should read an article on how to help one cope with grief, just because mourning is a process that is all to common. Helping one get through these times is something that we can all improve upon. As much as I did enjoy both articles, I found my self more intrigued in the second article. It was a bit longer in length, and was very detailed. I think that the second article talked about a lot of different topics associated with grief and loss, where as the first article really just talked about the book definition of grief, and how to cope. Aging Process The first article I chose to read was about grief, and how to cope with it. The loss of a loved one cause’s great stress can temporarily interfere with concentration, decision making, and work performance. With enough support and help, grief can promote personal growth of all of those involved in the process. According to this article, grief can be triggered by extreme isolation, depression, or other additive behaviors. Other indicators that show one who is dealing with grief may include quick replacement of the lost relationship or avoidance of any reminder of or imitation of the deceased.Many people who experience these symptoms need some sort of intervention by health care professionals. According to this article, there are many different types of grief that one can experience. These types include chronic grief, delayed grief, exaggerated grief, masked grief, and disenfranchised grief. Chronic grief begins as â€Å"normal grief,† but instead of going away, it continu es for a very long time. Some people tend to define themselves by their losses, which leads to the development of chronic grief.Delayed grief is when a survivor consciously or unconsciously holds back their feelings in order to avoid pain, such as avoiding discussion of the deceased, or working too much. In masked grief, the survivor is not aware that their response to grief is getting in the way of them performing daily functions. One who is experiencing this may refuse help. Disenfranchised grief can occur when a survivor can’t fully acknowledge the loss of a loved one because the relationship may be considered unacceptable. Those who experience this type of grief may be those who are gay or lesbian partners.There have been many studies done on the effects of care giving to those who are going through grief and loss. In a recent study, 129 spouse care givers were asked to rate their levels of care giving. Those who had little or no involvement in the care of a terminally il l spouse were found to be at higher risk for complicated grief than those with greater involvement. The next article I read was also about coping with grief and loss. This article states that over the past 30 years, health care professionals have shown an increase in interest in the issues related to grief.There have been many different studies done on grief and loss, some of which have the same conclusions and others that differ in outcomes. However, in spite of these varied findings, it seems to be that following the death of a loved one, there tends to be an increase in headaches, dizziness, trembling, etc. It has been recommended that these symptoms can be signs of grief. There has also been an interest on whether or not people who are going grieving a loss require more psychiatric care during their mourning period. There have been few studies done to show some answers, but data is inconclusive.This article defines grief as one who was experienced the loss of a loved one to deat h. This article also explains that when someone experiences the loss of an important person, there is a tendency for that person to feel helpless, like they are unable to exist without that person. Some may also have mixed emotions of sadness and anger. Aside from the emotional responses to grief, there are also physical features that accompany grief. Some of these features are tightening of the chest, hollowness of the stomach, tightness in the throat, and lack of energy.This article states the order in which grief tends to happen; disbelief, confusion, preoccupation, sense of presence, and hallucinations. There are also a variety of different behaviors that are associated with grief reactions. These can go from sleep deprivation, and loss of appetite, to social withdrawal. Although these articles both discuss grief and loss, they differ in certain ways. The first article talked more about the different types of grief, and described the characteristics of them individually. The fir st article also discussed the effects of a person who is not involved in care giving to their loved on who is terminally ill.I felt that the second article talked more about the most basic type of grief in full detail. The second article, as opposed to the first article, went into detail about the physical features that also accompany grief. I also think that the second article talked about more broad concepts of grief, where as the first article was more specific in its focus on grief. I really enjoyed the articles that I read. I aspire to become a grief and loss counselor one day, so I felt that these articles really pertained to what I am interested in. I think that they explained things very easy, in words that I could actually comprehend.I believe that grief and loss counselors are very important in society; everyone at some point will lose someone they love, and may need the special support of a professional. I also found this topic to be of relevance because my best friendsâ €™ father just passed away about a month ago. I have been helping her mourn and go through the grieving process. Reading these articles made me realize things that I have been doing correct, and maybe some things that I could try to do better to help her through this very hard time. I think that these articles clearly defined grief, and all of the components that go along with it.I feel that everyone should read an article on how to help one cope with grief, just because mourning is a process that is all to common. Helping one get through these times is something that we can all improve upon. As much as I did enjoy both articles, I found my self more intrigued in the second article. It was a bit longer in length, and was very detailed. I think that the second article talked about a lot of different topics associated with grief and loss, where as the first article really just talked about the book definition of grief, and how to cope.

Problems In Education And Society Essays - Educational Psychology

Problems In Education And Society Essays - Educational Psychology Problems in Education and Society According to "A Nation at Risk", the American education system has declined due to a "rising tide of mediocrity" in our schools. States such as New York have responded to the findings and recommendations of the report by implementing such strategies as the "Regents Action Plan" and the "New Compact for Learning". In the early 1980?s, President Regan ordered a national commission to study our education system. The findings of this commission were that, compared with other industrialized nations, our education system is grossly inadequate in meeting the ezdards of education that many other countries have developed. At one time, America was the world leader in technology, service, and industry, but overconfidence based on a historical belief in our superiority has caused our nation to fall behind the rapidly growing competitive market in the world with regard to education. The report in some respects is an unfair comparison of our education system, which does not have a national ezdard for goals, curriculum, or regulations, with other countries that do, but the findings nevertheless reflect the need for change. Our education system at this time is regulated by states which implement their own curriculum, set their own goals and have their own requirements for teacher preparation. Combined with this is the fact that we have lowered our expectations in these areas, thus we are not providing an equal or quality education to all students across the country. The commission findings generated recommendations to improve the content of education and raise the ezdards of student achievement, particularly in testing, increase the time spent on education and provide incentives to encourage more individuals to enter the field of education as well as improving teacher preparation. N.Y. State responded to these recommendations by first implementing the Regents Action Plan; an eight year plan designed to raise the ezdards of education. This plan changed the requirements for graduation by raising the number of credits needed for graduation, raising the number of required core curriculum classes such as social studies, and introduced technology and computer science. The plan also introduced the Regents Minimum Competency Tests, which requires a student to pass tests in five major categories; math, science, reading, writing, and two areas of social studies. Although the plan achieved many of its goals in raising ezdards of education in N.Y. State, the general consensus is that we need to continue to improve our education system rather than being satisfied with the achievements we have made thus far. Therefore, N.Y. adopted "The New Compact for Learning". This plan is based on the principles that all children can learn. The focus of education should be on results and teachers should aim for mastery, not minimum competency. Education should be provided for all children and authority with accountability should be given to educators and success should be rewarded with necessary changes being made to reduce failures. This plan calls for curriculum to be devised in order to meet the needs of students so that they will be fully functional in society upon graduation, rather than just being able to graduate. Districts within the state have been given the authority to devise their own curriculum, but are held accountable by the state so that each district meets the states goals that have been established. Teachers are encouraged to challenge students to reach their full potential, rather than minimum competency. In this regard, tracking of students is being eliminated so that all students will be challenged, rather than just those who are gifted. Similarly, success should be rewarded with recognition and incentives to further encourage progress for districts, teachers and students while others who are not as accomplished are provided remedial training or resources in order to help them achieve success. It is difficult to determine whether our country on the whole has responded to the concerns that "A Nation at Risk" presented. Clearly though, N.Y. State has taken measures over the last ten years to improve its own education system. In many respects the state has accomplished much of what it set out to do, but the need to continue to improve is still present. Certainly, if America is determined to regain its superiority in

Iousa Solutions Essays

Iousa Solutions Essays Iousa Solutions Paper Iousa Solutions Paper The united States public debt is money that is borrowed by the federal government Of the United States. In September of 2008, the national debt was 9. 6 trillion dollars. In March of 2010, the national debt increased by which is 126 trillion dollars. The total unfunded promises and liabilities of the United States is over 62 trillion dollars. In order to pay for our major liabilities and promises, the United States needs that money invested today but of all that money they have zero of it. The federal debt includes money that the government owes to social security, Medicare, and debt owed to the public, By the end of 2010, the federal government will owe almost 9 trillion dollars to the public. Also, our gross domestic product is expected to reach 14. 6 trillion dollars by the end of 2010, The public debt to gross domestic product ratio is used to determine how much we borrowed relative to our national income, By the end of 2010, our public debt to gross domestic product will be around 62 percent. The federal government was formed in 1789 and the government has been having problems with the national debt since. Many factors lead to our national debt like war and the great depression but eve always managed to bring the dent down. In the early sass, the national debt began to grow quickly. In the late sis and early 20005 the government was running budget surpluses. As a result, our federal budget has been low and the national debt has been increasing rapidly. Sixty-eight percent Of the money borrowed by the United States government came from foreign sources. The foreign countries are becoming impatient with our deficit. If foreign countries were to Stop loaning us money, then Will have to raise interest rates dramatically, cut spending or, raise taxes. Estimated spending levels will be twice as large as revenues. Government spending includes all government consumption, investment but excludes transfer payments made by a state. Defense and other spending is the largest spending. Military spending is projected to be a very large cost for the Limited States. Since September of 2001, law makers provided 1. Trillion dollars for operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other war related activities. If we cut those spending, we can lower the potential future debt levels. Our nations mandatory spending policies are growing at a fast rate. By 2019, we will be spending 92 percent to all the revenues on entitlements and payments on the national debt, That will leave little money for all other expenditures, We ill have to cut discretionary spending or w e will continue to run large in growing our budget deficit. Some solutions can be to reform social security by increasing the retirement age, increase pay roll tax revenues, reduce growth in benefits for the better-off, and reduce COLA for benefits. I believe the national debt is too large to try and pay it off. There are many solutions that have been proposed yet we still have a very high debt Even though our generation does not want to pass this problem to future generations, believe they Will face the national debt problem and they might be living in worse economy than we are.

Rhetorical Analyses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rhetorical Analyses - Essay Example To provide a balanced discourse, Featherstone eventually evaluated magazines such as Blue Jean, Teen Voices, Hues and Reluctant Hero that were certified to provide more substantial contents. The rhetorical analysis hereby aims to evaluate Featherstone’s effectiveness in evaluating the magazines using appeals to ethos, logos, and pathos. The author’s arguments clearly indicated her preferences for the teen girls’ reading materials through provision of examples and citing relevant support from identified slogans, celebrities, and choice of feature articles that were believed to evoke the readers’ emotional response. For example, Featherstone’s assessment of Teen People’s strategies of using celebrities such as Jennifer Love Hewitt by focusing on the actress’ clothes and love life, instead of providing positive information, aim to make readers realize the lack of credible and substantial content that could improve knowledge of girls on mo re crucial matters. Her choices of vocabularies, though, swerve from easy to read to confusing and almost defying logical order – which is contrary to using appeals to pathos.

The Millennium Development Goals of Nepal Assignment

The Millennium Development Goals of Nepal - Assignment Example The UN Millennium campaign has created partnerships with the Resident Coordinators office in various targeted countries in order to inspire and support the people all over the world for taking adequate actions, supporting the MDGs. In this regard, Nepal is deemed to be one of the most targeted and highly prioritised countries of the world. In Nepal, the Millennium campaign has a powerful interlink with the â€Å"Civil Society Organisations†, UN system and the local bodies, which tends to enhance its campaigning efforts and policy advocacy works (1United Nations Development Programme, 2014). This goal has been established in order to support the economically under-developed countries of the world wherein the people are not even able to afford the basic necessities of life such as food, which results in causing malnutrition. Therefore, in context to Nepal, the goal mainly focuses on improving the standards of living of the people as well as minimising the distance persisting between rich and poor. The target of the goal is to reduce the fraction of people in Nepal by 50 percent whose daily earnings is less than $1.25 and suffering from famine. The target is proposed to be accomplished in between 1990 and 2015 (1United Nations, 2015). In order to confirm that the above targets get accomplished within a set timeframe, the country will mainly analyse two indicators. The first indicator represents the prevailing rate of under-weighted children those who are below the age of five years and the second indicator denotes the proportion of populaces in the country who do not rece ive minimum level of diet (Shakya, 2013). This goal was designed to ensure that all the children of a country receive primary education and possess the right to enrol themselves in primary schools and complete their education. However, in relation to Nepal, the goal mainly focused on increasing the number of literacy rates in the country by providing the opportunity of primary education. As per the

Human resources management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human resources management - Essay Example This is what creates financial profits for business. However, from the employee’s point of view, job satisfaction is likely to be the primary variable people look for in their job. Riggio states that ‘job satisfaction consists of the feelings and attitudes concerning one’s job’ (1990: 186). Judge et al (2001) acknowledge that there is a high correlation between job satisfaction and job performance, and Landy (1989) goes as far to describe this relationship as the ‘Holy Grail’ of industrial psychologists. However, Drenth et al claim that ‘there is no support for the widely held view that satisfied employees achieve higher and increased effective levels of performance’ (1998: 284). It is therefore the purpose of this assignment to discuss if a happy workforce is a productive workforce. In order to determine how increased job satisfaction could lead to increased productivity, I believe that it is important to discuss the factors that make people want to work in the first place in order to gain a holistic perspective on the issue. This is the same approach Vroom (1995) took in her analysis on the motivational bases of work. Vroom highlights five motivational factors that encourage people to work. Firstly, she acknowledges ‘work roles provide wages to the occupant in return for their services’ (1995: 35). Secondly, working keeps people busy and active, and stops people becoming idle. Thirdly, jobs can provide employees with continually engaging environments in which to work. Fourthly, there are many social satisfactions derived from work, and social psychologists have emphasised the fact that work is a social activity, requiring interaction with other people. Finally, Vroom (1995) highlights that sociologists have emphasised the importance a person’s occupation has on their social status, and the respect it can generate. There therefore appears to be two types of conditions that affect the like lihood that people will work; economic incentives and motivational factors. Herzberg et al’s (1959) Two Factor Theory receives a lot of interest from many managers in work organisations, who wish to discover how employee satisfaction can improve job productivity. In their study, respondents of mid-level administration staff were asked to examine the points of their career at which they’d experienced the most positive and negative feelings. They were asked to indicate the causes of this and the effects that arose. The most positive feelings that led to higher employee satisfaction were ranked, and are as follows; Achievement and recognition from senior management for successful completion of tasks The work itself, i.e. how much of a challenge it was, responsibility concerns such as working without a supervisor, being promoted and being put in charge of other workers Salary and a rise in wages Other factors with lower frequency including status, the policy and management of the company The factors leading to dissatisfaction related to the working environment and were labelled as ‘hygiene factors’, such as working conditions. Factors relating to job satisfaction were labelled ‘motivating factors’, and included intrinsic factors such as the possibility of promotion or increased responsibility within an employee’s job (Hollway, 2000). Herzberg et al (1959) concluded that ‘feelings of self actualisation and growth are the key to